What is the Correlation Between Hypertension and Heart Diseases?

Do you have a fluctuating blood pressure level? Do you feel that your blood pressure level is becoming unmanageable? Such problems can lead to chronic heart conditions that may negatively impact your body. 

It's natural for your blood pressure level to rise and fall throughout the day. For example, your blood pressure increases during physical activity and decreases when you sleep. According to the Central For Disease Control and Prevention report, nearly half of adults in the United States (14% or 116 million people) have hypertension. Unfortunately, only about 1 in 4 adults (22%) have their blood pressure under control. 

High blood pressure (hypertension) is a condition of blood pressure that is higher than normal. Your blood pressure varies throughout the day based on the activities you perform. High blood pressure can severely damage the blood vessels, leading to chronic diseases. High blood pressure is diagnosed when your blood pressure readings are consistently higher than 130/180 millimeters of mercury (mm Hg). 

What are the Main Causes Of Hypertension? 

Blood pressure is the measurement of the force of blood pushing against the walls of the blood vessels. The heart pumps blood into the blood vessels, which carry the blood throughout the body. High blood pressure, also known as hypertension, makes it difficult for the heart to pump blood into the body, contributing to atherosclerosis (hardening of the arteries). This causes the risks of major health conditions like stroke, kidney disease, and heart failure. 

The actual causes of hypertension are still unknown, yet several factors may lead to high blood pressure; they include: 

• Smoking: The nicotine in cigarettes and other tobacco products makes your blood vessels narrow and makes your heart pump blood harder, increasing your blood pressure. Over time, plaque can build up inside the arteries, which increases the risk of heart diseases. 

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• Being Overweight Or Obese: When the fat store increases due to weight gain, there is a corresponding increase in the leptin signals showing that the body has enough energy reserves. The raised leptin levels resulting from obesity trigger the growth of blood vessels in the hypothalamus, which in turn causes hypertension. Obesity is directly linked to increased risks of heart diseases. 

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• Lack Of Physical Activity: Inactive People tend to have higher heart rates. The higher your heart rate, the more complex the heart needs to work with each contraction to pump blood to the body. Thereby increasing the blood pressure. Not getting enough physical activity can lead to heart diseases, even with people with no potential risk factors. 

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• Stress: Your body produces a surge of hormones in stressful situations. These hormones temporarily increase your blood pressure by causing your heart to beat faster and your blood vessels to narrow. Stress may significantly increase the risk of heart disease and cardiac arrest. 

• Adrenal and Thyroid Disorders: When the adrenal glands produce too much of the hormone aldosterone. That makes your kidney retain salt and water and lose too much potassium, which raises blood pressure. In addition, the thyroid hormone influences the force and speed of your heartbeat. This rapid increase in a heartbeat can also be a risk factor for different heart diseases. 

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Why is Hypertension a Major Risk Factor For Heart Disease?

Heart disease is the leading cause of death in the U.S. The term 'heart disease' refers to several types of heart conditions such as coronary artery disease, cardiac arrest, congestive heart failure, and stroke. In the U.S, the most common type of heart disease is coronary heart disease (CAD) which can lead to a heart attack. 

Hypertension makes it harder for your cardiovascular system to circulate blood throughout the body. Over time the excess high pressure exerted by the blood causes pressure and damages the walls of the blood vessels. In addition, the decomposition of the bad cholesterols, fats, and other substances in the bloodstream can stick to the blood vessels and form plaque, thereby clogging the vessels. The process of the stiffening of the blood vessels is known as arteriosclerosis. 

Arteriosclerosis causes the arteries to narrow; when this happens, the force in the blood vessels increases, and the heart has to work harder to circulate the blood into the other parts of the body. 

Arteriosclerosis also increases the risks of the formation of blood clots that will potentially block the flow of blood to the heart. When this happens, the heart muscle will not get enough oxygen it needs to keep pumping. Subsequently, a heart attack or a myocardial infarction occurs when the heart is damaged as a result of blockage of the arteries. 

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Conclusion 

High blood pressure or hypertension is a common condition that may lead to serious health complications. Untreated high blood pressure is a potential risk factor for stroke, cardiac arrest, and other cardiovascular diseases. 

You can treat high blood pressure by adopting healthy lifestyle habits such as eating a healthy balanced diet, getting regular exercise, and avoiding stress. In addition, to learn more about improving your heart health, you should get regular follow-ups with your doctor.