“What foods to avoid right after getting a filling?”

Anything sticky or gooey really but mainly you need to avoid eating until anesthetic has worn off .

For most fillings, there is no need to avoid most foods
Veneers and crowns are fabricated with the most durable, stain-resistant materials and you should have no worries.
Some bonded fillings can stain, but most of that stain can be removed at your routine hygiene visits with your dentist. Good luck!
Dr J Doundoulakis, prosthodontist, Greenwich CT