“How does gingivitis progress to periodontitis if left untreated?”

If left untreated, Gingivitis the mild, early stage of gum diseasecan progress to periodontitis, a much more serious condition that can lead to tooth loss and bone damage. Here's how that progression typically unfolds. 1. Gingivitis Early stage. Plaque buildup at the gumline due to poor oral hygiene. Signs Red, swollen gums bleeding during brushing or flossing bad breath. At this point, no permanent damage has occurred. Gingivitis is fully reversible with good oral care and professional care. 2. Early periodontitis Plaque hardens into tartar calculus below the gumline. Bacteria trigger inflammation deeper in the gum tissue. The attachment between the gums and teeth weakens, forming pockets. Signs Gums start to pull away from teeth recession Deeper gum pockets over 3 mm Slight bone loss may begin. 3. Moderate Periodontitis Infection spreads deeper. Destruction of connective tissues that hold teeth in place. Moderate bone loss around teeth. Signs Increased pocket depth 46 mm tooth mobility may begin persistent bad breath occasional gum abscesses. 4. Advanced Periodontitis Severe destruction of bone, ligament and gum tissue. Teeth may become very loose or even fall out. Signs Deep pocket 6 mm major gum recession shifting or misaligned teeth pain while chewing. As periodontitis progresses, deep pockets harbor more bacteria, leading to further infection and damage in a vicious cycle.

If gingivitis is left untreated, it can progress to periodontitis, a more severe and irreversible form of gum disease. Heres how that progression typically happens: Gingivitis (Early Stage) Accumulation of plaquea sticky film of bacteriaon the teeth and gums. Symptoms: Red, swollen gums that may bleed during brushing or flossing. Reversible: With proper oral hygiene and professional cleanings, gingivitis can be reversed. 2. Early Periodontitis Progression: Plaque hardens into tartar (calculus), which harbors more bacteria and irritates the gums. Gum Response: The immune system reacts to the bacterial infection, causing inflammation and beginning to break down the tissue and bone. Signs: Gums begin to pull away from the teeth, forming pockets that trap more plaque and bacteria. 3. Moderate to Advanced Periodontitis Tissue Damage: The infection spreads deeper, destroying connective tissue and bone that support the teeth. Symptoms: Deep periodontal pockets, gum recession, persistent bad breath, tooth mobility, and potential pus discharge. Tooth Loss Risk: Without intervention, the supporting structures are so damaged that teeth can loosen and eventually fall out or require extraction. Why This Happens The bodys immune response to long-standing bacteria and toxins ends up attacking the bodys own gum and bone tissue. Poor oral hygiene, smoking, genetics, diabetes, and other health issues can accelerate this process. Preventing the Progression Early intervention is key. Routine dental cleanings and good daily brushing/flossing can stop gingivitis from advancing. Treatments like scaling and root planing (deep cleaning), LANAP, or even surgery may be necessary in later stages to manage periodontitis. Kind regards, Allison January