“What does radiation do to a pregnant woman?”

Radiation exposure during pregnancy can harm the fetus, causing birth defects, growth issues, increased cancer risk, and cognitive impairments. Risks are higher with high doses, while routine medical imaging usually has low risks. Consult a healthcare professional for personalized advice.
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A difficult question and the dose given and gestational age are all important factors. With pregnant patients it is always kept to a minimum with alternatives always tried first.

Radiation is of concern for the young fetus more so than for the parent. Radiation exposure occurs in life from our environment, air travel etc.Diagnostic radiology exposure depends on the exam performed and the area examined. A chest X ray of a pregnant patient is not preferred if unnecessary but if necessary and properly collimated will have essentially no exposure to the fetus. A pelvic X-ray on the other hand would have some exposure. Exposures in the third trimester are far less concerning after near completed fetal development than an exposure in the first trimester. Facts are: time of exposure, areas exposed, and amount of radiation used are needed to fully evaluate a given incident or theoretical one. Talk to the physician ordering such an exam to help explain the thoughts they have in the necessary balancing of needed diagnosis to protect the mother vs the need to protect the fetus.