Dr. Daniel David Sumrok, M.D.

It's a common symptom of Covid-19.

Go to the ER.

Go get seen. Needs eval and likely imaging.

Get care and see if you can reduce your population by ridding the house of attractive homes, like magazine and paper stacks, woodpiles, clothes left on the floor. Why gramma said to pick up your clothes. Loxosceles reclusa lives on the floor and stalks his bug prey at night. Then he shyly slips into dark places for the day. See a provider, please. Also, many mistake common boils for spider bites. A doc who has seen bites will know the diff.
Blessings.

If you are a counter of carbohydrates, know that there are about 4 cal per gram of a CHO (like sugar). There are also about 4 cal per gm of a protein (meat, fish, chicken, etc.) and 9 cal/gm of fats (oils, waxes, meat fat, dairy fat, etc.). There are only these three food/energy types. One can accurately learn to quickly estimate the caloric load of a meal or snack. By the way, alcohol, a separate category is, about 7cal/gm.
Hope this helps. See a diabetic educator for a class. Most hospitals and federally qualified health centers provide this type care for little or nothing.

There are treatments done at home that have been used like horse chestnut extract, cayenne, Vitamins A, C, E, and zinc. There are compression stockings that can be very effective. Elevation of the legs may help if patients are able. There are physicians who specialize in vascular care who utilize methods to sclerose veins like laser, hypertonic saline, and other methods. Some may benefit from surgical approaches like vein stripping. There is evidence supporting exercise and weight loss.

There are some causes of testicular or scrotal swelling that are serious diseases and can even be life threatening like a testicular cancer. Testicular swelling should prompt you to get a physician evaluation and exam.

Less serious causes my include epididymitis or orchiitis. These may be part of a viral illness like mumps with orchitis or epididymitis from strain or infection. Trauma, varicocele, and local infections like staph or herpes can cause swelling of the scrotum. I have seen filariasis with elephantiasis cause swelling that was massive in tropical locations. I have seen cirrhosis and congestive heart failure lead to scrotal fluid accumulation.

As you can tell, the list of possibilities makes a simple answer impossible and misleading. The best answer is to see a primary care doc or a urologist so you can get an accurate diagnosis and guided treatment. The "how long" question depends on cause.

There is one respiratory tract that goes from the mouth up to the sinuses and down into the pharynx, bronchi, to the tiny alveoli. For the most part, any inoculation of a pathogen (or even nonpathogen) has the potential of colonizing the entire tract. Bacterial infections commonly cause secondary disease following a viral “cold.” The 4- to 6-week cough that is common after a cold is bronchitis. Not all bronchitis is created equal. Acute disease and chronic disease are different animals.

Depending upon the degree of damage, the answer is a qualified yes. The benefits to your physiology begin hours after the last cigarette and accrue through the rest of your life.

The answer is simple and has a bit of complexity because anemia has many causes. Anemia itself means that the total mass of red blood cells which carry oxygen is low. Doctors sort the causes of anemia by looking at the cells on a microscope and dividing it into the two broad categories of cells that are too small (less than 8 micron size which we call microcytic). Microcytic anemias often involve a lack of iron in the diet. Those that are too large (more than about 10 microns or macrocyctic). Macrocytes often involve a deficiency of vitamin B12 or folic acid. Sometimes the cells look normal size, and we call that normocytic. Normocytes may be seen when anemia is due to a rapid blood loss or a chronic illness like a cancer or kidney disease. Some cells are bizarre in shape as in sickle cell where the hemoglobin itself has a molecular distortion. This is a 30,000 ft view, but it is how I begin when I am evaluating anemia and trying to identify the likely cause and a specific treatment.
I hope that helps.

Continuity of care is a Holy Grail in Family medicine.

By being aware of symptoms and considering the diagnosis a family doc may intervene by treatment and or referral ASAP.