“How do Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes differ?”
I am a 29 year old male. I want to know the difference between type 1 and type 2 diabetes?
4 Answers
Type 1 diabetes caused by pancreatic Beta cells destruction and absence of insulin with rapid onset and progression. Type 2 slovenly developed by tissue resistance to insulin and could be controlled by diet, weight loss, and tablets.
The diagnosis is made based on your insulin levels and antibodies against your pancreas. In type 1 diabetes mellitus, there is no production of insulin due to destruction of the pancreas tissue.
The difference between type 1 and type 2 diabetes:
Diabetes is a common metabolic disease in America. Almost 10% (over 33 million) of the American population has diabetes.
There are various forms of diabetes mellitus. The commonest ones are type 2 (90%), type 1 (5-10%) and Gestational diabetes (2-10%). Gestational diabetes occures during the 2nd or 3rd trimester of pregnancy and generally resolves after delivery. Some gestational diabetes may progress to type 2 diabetes.
Over 31 million (90%) have type 2 diabetes and the rest (10% or 1.30 million) have type 1 diabetes. There are also over 84 million prediabetics in America. Most of these prediabetic may continue to develope type 2 diabetes in the future.
There are about 1.3 million Americans with type 1 diabetes. Out of these 220,000 are children with type 1 diabetes. Over 50,000 children have type 2 diabetes in the USA.
The average incidence of type 2 diabetes in the USA is about 1.5 million adult and 6,000 children persons per year. While the incidence rate of type 1 diabetes is about 40,000 adults and 17,000-20,000 children a years. There are about 5,000-6,000 chidren with new onset type 2 diagnosis.
Type 1 and type 2 diabetes affect affect both adults and children. But there is more type 1diabetes than type 2 diabetes in children. While the vast majority of adults have type 2 diabetes mellitus.
There are some differences and similarities between type 1 and type 2 diabetes.
Type 1 diabetes:
1) Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune destruction of the insulin producing beta cells of the pancreas.
2) Currently insulin is the only available treatment for type 1 diabetes.
3) Mostly diagnosed in childhood
4) It is not relatred to weight
5) Episods of low blood sugars are more common.
6) Prone to ketoacidosis.
7) Islet or be4ta cell antibodies are present.
8) they produce very little or no insulin.
9) It is less prevalent (0.4%)
10) Identical twin concordance rate is about 20-50%.
11) Usally thin or normal weight.
12) The onset of type type 1 is sudden. it happens in days to weeks.
13) Can not be prevented. Can only be treated with insulin.
14) Glycemic control is mostly brittle with wide flactuations between low and high blood sugars.
15) Risk of diabetes to off springs or siblings is about 4-10%). It is more common in the caucassian population who have more of the susceptibility genes.
Type 2 diabetes:
1) Mostly related to weight gain and insulin resistance
2) Can be managed with diet and excercise or oral medications. Insulin will be required if the disease advances.
3) Mostly diagnosed in adults and old age.
4) Episods of low blood sugars are less often.
5) Ketoacidosis is less common.
6) Not an autoimmune process. Auto-Antibodies are mostly negative.
7) They generally produce high or normal insulin (c-peptide).
8) It is more prevalent (10% of the population).
9) Identical twin concordance rate is >90%
10) Generally over weight.
11) Onset is gradual. It may take up to 10 years to evolve.
12) Can be prevented with life stype changed, diet and excercise.
13) There is less brttle blood glucose control.
14) Risk of diabetes to off springs or siblings is about 80%.
15) Type 2 diabetes hits harder the minority population than the caucassian population.
Simillarities between type 1 and type 2 diabetes:
1) They share similar symptoms such as polyuria, polydypsia, nocturia, fatigue, high blood sugars,difficulty breathing, fruity smell of breath, nausea and vomiting a dry mouth
etc before treatment or if diabetes is poorly controlled.
2). They share simillar Chronic complications of diabetes such as eye, kidney, nerve dieseases, autonomic dysfunction (microvascular complications) and heart disease and stroke (macrovascular complications).
3) they share simillar acute complications such as the symptoms on high blood sugars, the Diabetes ketoacidosis and the symptoms of hypoglycemia.
4) when the disease progresses type 2 diabetic patients may require insulin the same way that the type 1 diabetic patients.
Diabetes is a metabolic disorder due to insulin deficiency or insulin resistance or pancreatic beta cell dysfunction. It is classified in to two major categories (type 1 and type 2) based on the characteristics and natural history of the metabolic derangement. There is a huge difference between the two types of diabetes, and, at the same time there are many similarities especially in the symptoms and the final process of the disease.
Since obesity is on the rise, some type 1 diabetes patients may be overweight as well. They may not respond to oral medications. In these cases it may be difficult to differentiate between the two types of diabetes. Insulin (c-peptide) and antibodies should be checked. If antibodies are negative and c-peptide is normal or high, they may have type 2 diabetes.If positive pancreatic antibodies and low c-peptide, they should be tried on insulin and oral medications. If the patient is truly type 2 diabetic insulin can be weaned off slowly. If they are over weight with type 1 diabetes withdrawing insulin will make blood sugars worse.
Please discuss these issues with your doctor and diabetes educatores if you have diabetes.
Good Luck.
Diabetes is a common metabolic disease in America. Almost 10% (over 33 million) of the American population has diabetes.
There are various forms of diabetes mellitus. The commonest ones are type 2 (90%), type 1 (5-10%) and Gestational diabetes (2-10%). Gestational diabetes occures during the 2nd or 3rd trimester of pregnancy and generally resolves after delivery. Some gestational diabetes may progress to type 2 diabetes.
Over 31 million (90%) have type 2 diabetes and the rest (10% or 1.30 million) have type 1 diabetes. There are also over 84 million prediabetics in America. Most of these prediabetic may continue to develope type 2 diabetes in the future.
There are about 1.3 million Americans with type 1 diabetes. Out of these 220,000 are children with type 1 diabetes. Over 50,000 children have type 2 diabetes in the USA.
The average incidence of type 2 diabetes in the USA is about 1.5 million adult and 6,000 children persons per year. While the incidence rate of type 1 diabetes is about 40,000 adults and 17,000-20,000 children a years. There are about 5,000-6,000 chidren with new onset type 2 diagnosis.
Type 1 and type 2 diabetes affect affect both adults and children. But there is more type 1diabetes than type 2 diabetes in children. While the vast majority of adults have type 2 diabetes mellitus.
There are some differences and similarities between type 1 and type 2 diabetes.
Type 1 diabetes:
1) Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune destruction of the insulin producing beta cells of the pancreas.
2) Currently insulin is the only available treatment for type 1 diabetes.
3) Mostly diagnosed in childhood
4) It is not relatred to weight
5) Episods of low blood sugars are more common.
6) Prone to ketoacidosis.
7) Islet or be4ta cell antibodies are present.
8) they produce very little or no insulin.
9) It is less prevalent (0.4%)
10) Identical twin concordance rate is about 20-50%.
11) Usally thin or normal weight.
12) The onset of type type 1 is sudden. it happens in days to weeks.
13) Can not be prevented. Can only be treated with insulin.
14) Glycemic control is mostly brittle with wide flactuations between low and high blood sugars.
15) Risk of diabetes to off springs or siblings is about 4-10%). It is more common in the caucassian population who have more of the susceptibility genes.
Type 2 diabetes:
1) Mostly related to weight gain and insulin resistance
2) Can be managed with diet and excercise or oral medications. Insulin will be required if the disease advances.
3) Mostly diagnosed in adults and old age.
4) Episods of low blood sugars are less often.
5) Ketoacidosis is less common.
6) Not an autoimmune process. Auto-Antibodies are mostly negative.
7) They generally produce high or normal insulin (c-peptide).
8) It is more prevalent (10% of the population).
9) Identical twin concordance rate is >90%
10) Generally over weight.
11) Onset is gradual. It may take up to 10 years to evolve.
12) Can be prevented with life stype changed, diet and excercise.
13) There is less brttle blood glucose control.
14) Risk of diabetes to off springs or siblings is about 80%.
15) Type 2 diabetes hits harder the minority population than the caucassian population.
Simillarities between type 1 and type 2 diabetes:
1) They share similar symptoms such as polyuria, polydypsia, nocturia, fatigue, high blood sugars,difficulty breathing, fruity smell of breath, nausea and vomiting a dry mouth
etc before treatment or if diabetes is poorly controlled.
2). They share simillar Chronic complications of diabetes such as eye, kidney, nerve dieseases, autonomic dysfunction (microvascular complications) and heart disease and stroke (macrovascular complications).
3) they share simillar acute complications such as the symptoms on high blood sugars, the Diabetes ketoacidosis and the symptoms of hypoglycemia.
4) when the disease progresses type 2 diabetic patients may require insulin the same way that the type 1 diabetic patients.
Diabetes is a metabolic disorder due to insulin deficiency or insulin resistance or pancreatic beta cell dysfunction. It is classified in to two major categories (type 1 and type 2) based on the characteristics and natural history of the metabolic derangement. There is a huge difference between the two types of diabetes, and, at the same time there are many similarities especially in the symptoms and the final process of the disease.
Since obesity is on the rise, some type 1 diabetes patients may be overweight as well. They may not respond to oral medications. In these cases it may be difficult to differentiate between the two types of diabetes. Insulin (c-peptide) and antibodies should be checked. If antibodies are negative and c-peptide is normal or high, they may have type 2 diabetes.If positive pancreatic antibodies and low c-peptide, they should be tried on insulin and oral medications. If the patient is truly type 2 diabetic insulin can be weaned off slowly. If they are over weight with type 1 diabetes withdrawing insulin will make blood sugars worse.
Please discuss these issues with your doctor and diabetes educatores if you have diabetes.
Good Luck.
These 2 diseases are different in many ways but both have similar outcomes.
Type 1 diabetes used to be called Juvenile Diabetes because it occurred primarily in children. Type 2 was called Adult Onset Diabetes because it occurred primarily in adults. Over the years we have come to know that this age distinction no longer applies. I was 55 yrs. old when I got Type 1 diabetes. I have had 4 yr. child in my practice with Type 2 diabetes. So what is the difference? Type 1 DM is a genetic disease with the genes carried on the area of the chromosome that controls the immune system. When activated (we don't know why or how yet) the immune system attacks the beta cells of the pancreas that make insulin & destroys them. Since the person then cannot make insulin they must take insulin by injection several times a day for the rest of their life. Type 2 diabetes is also genetic but on different chromosomes & different genes. In this disease the pancreas makes insulin, often a lot, but the body cannot use it well. This is insulin resistance. It is associated with obesity, high cholesterol, high blood pressure, etc. These people can for a while, often many years, can be treated with oral meds that either increase insulin secretion, or relieve insulin resistance, lower lipids & control blood pressure. Most of them will require insulin after 5-10 years as the pancreas wears out from overwork. Both diseases can develop complications which shows the the complications are related primarily to a high blood sugar, not their genetics. Complications can be blindness, kidney failure, foot ulcers, nerve damage, cardiac disease, strokes and more if they do not control their blood sugar. Fortunately we now have many tools to do that so we can avoid the complications.
Type 1 diabetes used to be called Juvenile Diabetes because it occurred primarily in children. Type 2 was called Adult Onset Diabetes because it occurred primarily in adults. Over the years we have come to know that this age distinction no longer applies. I was 55 yrs. old when I got Type 1 diabetes. I have had 4 yr. child in my practice with Type 2 diabetes. So what is the difference? Type 1 DM is a genetic disease with the genes carried on the area of the chromosome that controls the immune system. When activated (we don't know why or how yet) the immune system attacks the beta cells of the pancreas that make insulin & destroys them. Since the person then cannot make insulin they must take insulin by injection several times a day for the rest of their life. Type 2 diabetes is also genetic but on different chromosomes & different genes. In this disease the pancreas makes insulin, often a lot, but the body cannot use it well. This is insulin resistance. It is associated with obesity, high cholesterol, high blood pressure, etc. These people can for a while, often many years, can be treated with oral meds that either increase insulin secretion, or relieve insulin resistance, lower lipids & control blood pressure. Most of them will require insulin after 5-10 years as the pancreas wears out from overwork. Both diseases can develop complications which shows the the complications are related primarily to a high blood sugar, not their genetics. Complications can be blindness, kidney failure, foot ulcers, nerve damage, cardiac disease, strokes and more if they do not control their blood sugar. Fortunately we now have many tools to do that so we can avoid the complications.
