expert type icon EXPERT

Terlenda Crawford

Speech-Language Pathologist

TJ Lassiter is a medical Speech-Language Pathologist. With a passion for the field and an unwavering commitment to their specialty. TJ Lassiter is passionate about enhancing patient quality of life. Her goal is to embody the values of communication, safety, and trust when dealing directly with patients. She is a true asset to their field and dedicated to the profession of medicine.
Terlenda Lassiter
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Do I have dysphonia?

You can write down your symptoms and see an ENT and then a speech language pathologist. Whenever my patients come to me with prolonged dysphonia or changes in their voice after READ MORE
You can write down your symptoms and see an ENT and then a speech language pathologist. Whenever my patients come to me with prolonged dysphonia or changes in their voice after talking, I have them see an ENT. Sometimes the ENT may refer them for a barium swallow if he or she suspects reflux. But I would say see an ENT and then a voice speech language pathologist in a voice center.

What is making my speech patterns change?

There are numerous reasons you could stumble over your words. This could be a side effect of a new medication, hormonal changes, a vitamin deficiency, a spider bite, dehydration, READ MORE
There are numerous reasons you could stumble over your words. This could be a side effect of a new medication, hormonal changes, a vitamin deficiency, a spider bite, dehydration, a mild stroke, etc. etc. etc. If you are concerned about any underlying medical reason for this, please consult your physician. You can also consult a speech language pathologist in person with your medical history ready to discuss for a full assessment.

Can a speech pathologist help me with slurred words?

Yes a speech pathologist can help you with slurring of words. You can set up an evaluation with one in your local area. Have your insurance card handy!

Can speech therapy help with autism?

Yes, alternative ways of communicating and enhancing social interaction is a component of our scope. Your daughter should definitely get involved with a speech pathologist who READ MORE
Yes, alternative ways of communicating and enhancing social interaction is a component of our scope. Your daughter should definitely get involved with a speech pathologist who works with children who have autism.

What's pressured speech?

That's a term I've heard in the field of psychiatry and not in my scope of practice. I would recommend if your son is not already being seen by a speech language pathologist and READ MORE
That's a term I've heard in the field of psychiatry and not in my scope of practice. I would recommend if your son is not already being seen by a speech language pathologist and you are concerned about his communication, to have him complete an evaluation by a speech language pathologist. If your physician can refer you to one that would make it easier for you with the outpatient setting. but you can also try your hand at a private practice.

Can an adult see a speech pathologist?

Speech language pathologists treat all ages. There are some specially trained to work with children, some with adults, and some with both. But in general, to become a nationally READ MORE
Speech language pathologists treat all ages. There are some specially trained to work with children, some with adults, and some with both. But in general, to become a nationally certified clinician, you must gain experience from cradle to grave. Yes, an SLP can work with an adult. Find a local SLP center, private practice, or outpatient center to request an evaluation. Have your insurance information handy!

Can high creatinine levels impact speech in a person?

Yes, it depends on the person but yes there can be cases where slurred speech (dysarthria) can occur as chronic kidney disease advances. You can refer your mom to a speech language READ MORE
Yes, it depends on the person but yes there can be cases where slurred speech (dysarthria) can occur as chronic kidney disease advances. You can refer your mom to a speech language pathologist for an evaluation and treatment sessions to work on maximizing the ability for her to be better understood.

My daughter has trouble pronouncing certain sounds and letters. How can I help her?

The brain is involved in the production of speech and we are trained in how the brain coordinates speech movements. I would recommend her to go to a speech language pathologist READ MORE
The brain is involved in the production of speech and we are trained in how the brain coordinates speech movements. I would recommend her to go to a speech language pathologist for an evaluation and treatment. After the assessment, the SLP will provide you with exercises you can practice at home.

My voice is extremely low. What can I do to enhance it?

I am not a physician but a medical speech language pathologist. Please see a voice specialist for an accurate diagnosis. Once an ENT (ear nose throat specialist) looks at your READ MORE
I am not a physician but a medical speech language pathologist. Please see a voice specialist for an accurate diagnosis. Once an ENT (ear nose throat specialist) looks at your vocal folds, you might get an answer as to why your voice is not audible. Do you have any conditions such as Parkinsons? A combination of voice and diction classes and working with a voice center speech language pathologist (google for your local voice center) for an evaluation would be helpful. There are exercises that train you to use your diaphragm muscle and underlying respiratory/phonatory support to increase your volume. More air = more sound. You ever notice singers that sing from their throat vs. their stomach? "Speaking from the diaphragm" is something you can youtube and try to learn some techniques but again, you want an accurate medical evaluation performed at a voice center or an ENT office to make sure you don't have a vocal pathology.

My daughter speaks very loudly, should we visit a speech-language pathologist?

Hello. Before I begin my response to your question, please note I am a medical speech language pathologist. We are required to complete a Bachelor's, Master's, 9-month externship, READ MORE
Hello. Before I begin my response to your question, please note I am a medical speech language pathologist. We are required to complete a Bachelor's, Master's, 9-month externship, and then apply for certification. While we are trained specialist within the domain of medicine and healthcare, we are not physicians. I am not a doctor. Now....

Has your daughter participated in hearing screenings at school? I would have her consulted by an audiologist/pediatric audiologist just to rule out any hearing difficulty that might contribute to her speaking loudly. Once we rule out a hearing difficulty, then we can consider an SLP to work with her on proper vocal hygiene and protecting her voice if that is needed. I would say let's rule out a hearing concern first.

My daughter is unable to express her speech clearly. What should I do?

Hello. Before I begin my response to your question, please note I am a medical speech language pathologist. We are required to complete a Bachelor's, Master's, 9-month externship, READ MORE
Hello. Before I begin my response to your question, please note I am a medical speech language pathologist. We are required to complete a Bachelor's, Master's, 9-month externship, and then apply for certification. While we are trained specialist within the domain of medicine and healthcare, we are not physicians. I am not a doctor. Now....

I would recommend you take her to a speech clinic to complete a comprehensive speech and language assessment. Please be prepared to provide detail to the professionals there regarding your concerns. When you say she does not express herself clearly, are you referring to telegraphic speech? Do you mean she has jumbled thoughts and nonsensical statements? When you refer to lack of coordination, are you referring to oral motor movements? Is she groping with her mouth and saying different sounds for the same word when she tries to repeat herself?
To start, you can help by taking her to a speech language pathologist for an assessment. You can encourage her to speak with you and use choices, gestures, drawing, etc., all kinds of ways to communicate to keep her interested in expressing herself. We want her to associate communication with positivity so she does not try to shut down or stop talking. Model statements for her. For example, if she is saying "bird come down sit" and you realize she is talking about her pet parakeet, join her in conversation while expanding the sentence such as "Yes, the bird is sitting. See him perched by his nest?" Engage her in conversation and continue to shape the anatomy of a conversation, taking turns, looking in each others' eyes, smiling...these pragmatic abilities enhance the charisma of a strong communicator. We can still help her communication at home using these techniques while we wait for an evaluation from the SLP.

My son has delayed speech. Should I take him to a speech language pathologist?

Yes, yes, yes! Early intervention is key in assisting and developing early language skills. He would definitely benefit from completing an assessment by a speech language pathologist. READ MORE
Yes, yes, yes! Early intervention is key in assisting and developing early language skills. He would definitely benefit from completing an assessment by a speech language pathologist.

Please note I am a medical speech language pathologist. We are required to complete a Bachelor's, Master's, 9-month externship, and then apply for certification. While we are trained specialist within the domain of medicine and healthcare, we are not physicians. I am not a doctor.

My son was born with slight hearing loss. Will he have a speech problem as well?

Hello. Before I begin my response to your question, please note I am a medical speech language pathologist. We are required to complete a Bachelor's, Master's, 9-month externship, READ MORE
Hello. Before I begin my response to your question, please note I am a medical speech language pathologist. We are required to complete a Bachelor's, Master's, 9-month externship, and then apply for certification. While we are trained specialist within the domain of medicine and healthcare, we are not physicians. I am not a doctor. Now....

Regarding the hearing loss, is it conductive or sensorineural hearing loss? Because a lot of the sounds we imitate come from what we hear, hearing difficulty can impact how he is interpreting the sounds and what he says subsequently. Has he been to an audiologist yet for a follow up? My recommendation to you at this time is for him to see a pediatric audiologist and potential speech language pathologist for an evaluation and aural rehabilitation, if appropriate.

Why is my 4 year old son still unable to speak fluently?

Hello. Before I begin my response to your question, please note I am a medical speech language pathologist. We are required to complete a Bachelor's, Master's, 9-month externship, READ MORE
Hello. Before I begin my response to your question, please note I am a medical speech language pathologist. We are required to complete a Bachelor's, Master's, 9-month externship, and then apply for certification. While we are trained specialist within the domain of medicine and healthcare, we are not physicians. I am not a doctor. Now....

I would expect more than 50% of words to be intelligible in phrase and simple sentence form for someone half your sons age. Without an evaluation from a speech language pathologist, there are many answers to your question. An immediate word of advice is to offer smiling and turn-taking so he is not discouraged from speaking. We want him to be excited about trying to express himself and communicate with others without feeling like every time he opens his mouth something is wrong. By no means am I implying this is happening now, I'm just opening with that word of caution.

Next, we want to naturally slow him down by encouraging him to emphasize the endings of all his words. Try makiNG iT a gaMe where he spends more time at the enD of aLL his WordS. It is a technique I have used with students or patients who were dysfluent and cluttered (speaking very quickly unawares). Like I said, there are several things that I have a hunch could be occurring. It would be inappropriate to offer a diagnosis or strict answer without an evaluation. Please take him to the MD for a referral or go directly to a speech clinic for an evaluation. Feel free to keep me posted if you found this at all helpful!

Is there a cure for stuttering?

Hello. Before I begin my response to your question, please note I am a medical speech language pathologist. We are required to complete a Bachelor's, Master's, 9-month externship, READ MORE
Hello. Before I begin my response to your question, please note I am a medical speech language pathologist. We are required to complete a Bachelor's, Master's, 9-month externship, and then apply for certification. While we are trained specialist within the domain of medicine and healthcare, we are not physicians. I am not a doctor.

Now, the beautiful thing about brain plasticity and speech language pathology services is that there is no age restriction! When I was in graduate school, it was drilled into our heads "there is no known cause nor cure for stuttering." What we have found in research is that some individuals have been found to be more fluent when working with auditory feedback or singing. There is definitely something he can do. I encourage you and your husband to find a Board Certified in Fluency Speech Language Pathologist in your area and get an evaluation and initiate some services. Being a great communicator is not necessarily about being 100% fluent; whom among us really is? I have had a few fillers and interjections (i.e., uh, er, etc.) myself in the midst of conversation! So, he can work on both presenting himself as a strong communicator as well as techniques to smooth the "bumpy" speech that may occur during higher verbal demand situations.

What causes puberphonia in some kids?

Hello. Before I begin my response to your question, please note I am a medical speech language pathologist. We are required to complete a Bachelor's, Master's, 9-month externship, READ MORE
Hello. Before I begin my response to your question, please note I am a medical speech language pathologist. We are required to complete a Bachelor's, Master's, 9-month externship, and then apply for certification. While we are trained specialist within the domain of medicine and healthcare, we are not physicians. I am not a doctor. Now....

There is not just one cause and the course of treatment varies. Some individuals can see a speech language pathologist while others need to visit an ENT (ear nose throat specialist). I would say first, if the kids are interested in addressing their puberphonia (which for some kids might be habitual depending on how they identify), they can see a speech language pathologist that specializes in voice and/or an ENT and start with an evaluation.